Abstract:

Evoting systems are defined by the protocol system employed and two such protocols are the Envelope and Token protocols. On the 14 June 2017, the Council of Europe passed its recommendations for evoting systems for elections and referendums, which define requirements for the core functioning of an evoting system. This paper assesses these two main protocols and assesses their viability in context of the Recommendations.

References:

[1] Recommendation Rec(2004)11 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 30 September 2004 and explanatory memorandum, https://www.coe.int/t/dgap/goodgovernance/Activities/Key-Texts/Recommendations/Rec(2004)11_Eng_Evoting_and_Expl_Memo_en.pdf

[2] Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)5 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on standards for e-voting, https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=0900001680726f6f

[3] MAATEN, E., Towards remote e-voting: Estonian case in A. Prosser and R. Krimmer (eds), Electronic Voting in Europe – Technology, Law, Politics and Society, GI-Edition, Lecture Notes in Informatics, p. 83-90.

[4] https://www.valimised.ee/sites/default/files/uploads/eng/Verification_of_I-Votes.pdf

[5] https://www.valimised.ee/sites/default/files/uploads/eng/IVXV-UK-1.0-eng.pdf

[6] https://www.valimised.ee/sites/default/files/uploads/eng/General_Description_E-Voting_2010.pdf

[7] SPRINGALL, D., FINKENAUER, T., DURUMERIC, Z., KITCAT, J., HURSTI, H., MACALPINE, M., HALDERMAN, J. A., Security Analysis of the Estonian Internet Voting System https://jhalderm.com/pub/papers/ivoting-ccs14.pdf,

[8] https://skytte.ut.ee/sites/default/files/skytte/e_voting_in_estonia_vassil_solvak_a5_web.pdf

[9] PROSSER. A., MÜLLER-TÖRÖK, R., E-Democracy: Eine neue Qualität im demokratischen Entscheidungsprozess, in Wirtschaftsinformatik 44 (2002) 6, p. 545 – 556.

[10] Explanatory Memorandum to Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)5 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on standards for e-voting, download from https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages /result_details.aspx?ObjectID=090000168071bc84

[11] Guidelines on the implementation of the provisions of Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)5 on standards for e-voting, download from https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=0900001680726c0b